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UNHCR, Ecuador and partners discuss plan for action for refugees

News Stories, 10 July 2008

© UNHCR/M.H.Verney
An elderly Colombian refugee recovers in Ecuador after fleeing across the border. UNHCR took part in consultations on drawing up a plan of action for tens of thousands of refugees in Ecuador.

QUITO, Ecuador, July 10 (UNHCR) – The UN refugee agency and the Ecuadorean Foreign Ministry have held wide-ranging consultations with refugees and partners aimed at drawing up a comprehensive plan of action for tens of thousands of refugees in Ecuador over the next two years.

Representatives from UNHCR, the Ecuadorean government, non-governmental organizations and the international community attended the "national consultations" in Quito on June 3-4. They were joined by refugees and members of local communities from all over the country in the two days of discussion to define what works well and what could be done better to help them.

Over the next few weeks, UNHCR will put together the recommendations that came out of the various working groups and use them to as a basis for a two-year common plan of action. The participants looked at issues ranging from asylum laws and building state capacity to refugee integration in cities and along the Ecuador-Colombia border.

The meeting in Ecuador was part of the UNHCR-sponsored Strengthening Protection Capacity Project, which seeks to develop tools to strengthen the capacities of states to receive and protect refugees. Ecuador, which has the largest refugee population in Latin America, mostly from Colombia, is the first country in the region to take part in this process.

Ecuador's Foreign Minister Maria Isabel Salvador welcomed the participation of local communities. "Citizens' participation is crucial because it is an essential part of the success of any state's policies and that is why these national consultations are so important to us," she told participants.

She added that Ecuador was committed to keep fulfilling its international obligations to refugees, "not because they are obligations but out of conviction."

An estimated 150,000 Colombians live in Ecuador in a refugee-like situation. Around 18,000 of them have received refugee status. The rest are waiting for their asylum requests to be processed or – in the large majority of cases – have never been registered, making it very difficult to assist them.

This lack of documentation was one of the challenges identified during the consultations and Foreign Minister Salvador announced that Ecuador plans to start later this year a large-scale registration exercise for people who are already in the country and are in need of international protection. This will help them access basic rights and services and also help to better plan assistance programmes for refugees and host communities.

All over Ecuador, refugees live side-by-side with the Ecuadorean people as there are no camps in the country. About half of the refugees live in and around the larger towns and cities, the other half in rural areas – some in very remote and under-developed areas like Ecuador's Amazonian jungle.

Access to health, education, security and proper documentation were seen as key areas that needed to be addressed ion assistance programmes for both refugees and local communities

Mérida Morales-O'Donnell, director of UNHCR's Americas bureau, thanked Ecuador for its approach towards refugees and said the consultations had been very important. But she added that "the work does not end here and I want to assure you of UNHCR's continuous support over the next stages."

By Marie-Hélène Verney in Quito, Ecuador

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After more than forty years of internal armed conflict, Colombia has one of the largest populations of internally displaced persons (IDPs) in the world. Well over two million people have been forced to flee their homes; many of them have left remote rural areas to take refuge in the relative safety of the cities.

Displaced families often end up living in slum areas on the outskirts of the big cities, where they lack even the most basic services. Just outside Bogota, tens of thousands of displaced people live in the shantytowns of Altos de Cazuca and Altos de Florida, with little access to health, education or decent housing. Security is a problem too, with irregular armed groups and gangs controlling the shantytowns, often targeting young people.

UNHCR is working with the authorities in ten locations across Colombia to ensure that the rights of internally displaced people are fully respected – including the rights to basic services, health and education, as well as security.

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Like many Colombians, indigenous people often have no choice but to flee their lands to escape violence. Forced displacement is especially tragic for them because they have extremely strong links to their ancestral lands. Often their economic, social and cultural survival depends on keeping these links alive.

According to Colombia's national indigenous association ONIC, 18 of the smaller groups are at risk of disappearing. UNHCR is working with them to support their struggle to stay on their territories or to rebuild their lives when they are forced to flee.

UNHCR also assists indigenous refugees in neighbouring countries like Panama, Ecuador, Venezuela and Brazil. UNHCR is developing a regional strategy to better address the specific needs of indigenous people during exile.

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Many of the families sheltering in the Darien are from Colombia's ethnic minorities – indigenous or Afro-Colombians – who have been particularly badly hit by the conflict and forcibly displaced in large numbers. In recent years, there has also been an increase in the numbers of Colombians arriving in the capital, Panama City.

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