Last Updated: Wednesday, 30 May 2012, 15:51 GMT

Title	Jamaica: Information on recent Posse activity in north America and Jamaica and on the Jamaican government's response to these activities
Publisher	Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Country	Jamaica
Publication Date	1 June 1994
Citation / Document Symbol	JAM17595.E
Cite as	Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada, Jamaica: Information on recent Posse activity in north America and Jamaica and on the Jamaican government's response to these activities, 1 June 1994, JAM17595.E, available at: http://www.unhcr.org/refworld/docid/3ae6ab854.html [accessed 30 May 2012]
Disclaimer	This is not a UNHCR publication. UNHCR is not responsible for, nor does it necessarily endorse, its content. Any views expressed are solely those of the author or publisher and do not necessarily reflect those of UNHCR, the United Nations or its Member States.

Jamaica: Information on recent Posse activity in north America and Jamaica and on the Jamaican government's response to these activities

For general information on recent Posse activity in Jamaica and North America, and on the Jamaican government's reaction to these activities in Jamaica, please refer to the attachments.

This response was prepared after researching publicly accessible information currently available to the DIRB within time constraints. This response is not, and does not purport to be, conclusive as to the merit of any particular claim to refugee status or asylum.

Attachments

The Economist [London]. 21 March 1992. "Jamaica: No New Dawn." (NEXIS)

Financial Times [London]. 28 February 1994. Stephen Fidler. "Survey of Jamaica." (NEXIS)

The Independent [London]. 28 February 1992. David Adams. "Slums Mourn Jamaica's `Don Dadda'." (NEXIS)

Inter Press Service. 6 March 1992. Kenneth Blackman. "Jamaica: Drugs, Politics and Poverty Blamed for Wave of Violence." (NEXIS)

. 21 February 1992. "Jamaica: No Solutions Yet to New Flare-up in Violence." (NEXIS)

Latin American Regional Report: Caribbean [London]. 27 January 1994. "Jamaica: Indiscipline the `Greatest Danger'," p. 2.

. 26 August 1993. "Jamaica: Patterson Moves on Reform of Police," pp. 6-7.

Los Angeles Times. 23 November 1992. Home Edition. Kenneth Freed. "Violence Mars Jamaican Paradise." (NEXIS)

. 31 May 1992. Bulldog Edition. David Beard. "Jamaican Gangs Rule Streets in Urban War Zone." (NEXIS)

The New York Times. 25 February 1992. Final Edition. Howard H. French. "Rising Gang Violence Terrorizes Jamaica Capital." (NEXIS)

. 19 July 1987. George Volsky. "Jamaican Drug Gangs Thriving in U.S. Cities," p. A17.

Orlando Sentinel Tribune. 2 March 1992. 3 Star. "Surge in Gang Violence Terrorizes Jamaica's Capital." (NEXIS)

The Ottawa Citizen. 22 December 1986. "400 Slayings in Canada, U.S. Linked to Jamaican Gang War," p. A7.

Reuters. 30 June 1993. BC Cycle. "Jamaica Announces New Anti-Crime Measures." (NEXIS)

. 23 August 1992. BC Cycle. Jim Loney. "Jamaican `Posses' Live and Die by the Gun." (NEXIS)

Additional Sources Consulted

Department of Sociology, University of Jamaica, Kingston.

The Gleaner [Kingston].

Jamaican Council of Human Rights, Kingston.

Miami Herald.

Ministry of Justice, Kingston.

Royal Canadian Mounted Police (RCMP). Ottawa. (available information is classified and cannot be released).

Topics: Terrorism,

Copyright notice: This document is published with the permission of the copyright holder and producer Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada (IRB). The original version of this document may be found on the offical website of the IRB at http://www.irb-cisr.gc.ca/en/. Documents earlier than 2003 may be found only on Refworld.

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