Recherche et évaluation
Recherche et évaluation
L’examen continu de nos opérations nous permet d’évaluer l’efficacité de notre action, de tirer les leçons de notre expérience et d’améliorer l’élaboration de nos politiques, stratégies, programmes et projets.
In the first four weeks of the crisis, around 200,000 refugees and returnees fled the country while another 700,000 people were displaced inside Sudan.
Egypt has received the largest number of people, followed by Chad, South Sudan, the Central African Republic and Ethiopia. In South Sudan, those arriving are mainly returning nationals who had been living in Sudan as refugees.
Without a resolution to the crisis, many hundreds of thousands more people will be forced to flee in search of safety and basic assistance. UNHCR and its partners estimate that the number of refugees and returnees could reach 860,000 by October.
An aerial view of relief items being distributed to newly arrived Sudanese refugees at the Madjigilta site in Chad.
4. The chaos in Sudan is piling further needs on already stretched host countries
UNHCR staff pre-register newly arrived Sudanese refugees at the Koufroun site in the Ouaddaï region of Chad.
5. More help is urgently needed
The needs are vast, and the challenges are numerous.
UNHCR has emergency teams in neighbouring countries and is working with national authorities and partners to register new arrivals, ensure their most immediate needs are met and relocate them away from border areas. But this is just the beginning.
For civilians caught in the crossfire, the consequences have been catastrophic. Hundreds of people have been killed and many more injured, hundreds of thousands have been displaced, health facilities have come under attack and the prices of food, fuel and other basics have skyrocketed.
The fighting has created a humanitarian emergency both inside Sudan and in neighbouring countries such as Chad, South Sudan and Egypt, where large numbers of people are fleeing in search of safety.
Without a swift and peaceful resolution, the repercussions will be devastating for Sudan and the wider region, both of which were already struggling to cope with mass displacement, economic turmoil and climate shocks before the latest crisis erupted.
Here is a look at the humanitarian context behind the current crisis, its projected impact on civilians and what UNHCR, the UN Refugee Agency, and its partners are doing to respond.
Returning South Sudanese refugee Nyauke Chianjiak, 18, sits with her one year old sister, Kuoli, and mother Naya, at a transit point near Renk, South Sudan.
A family of returning South Sudanese refugees wait at a UNHCR transit centre at the Joda border point, Renk, South Sudan.
Rapports d'évaluation
An aerial view of relief items being distributed to newly arrived Sudanese refugees at the Madjigilta site in Chad.
A Sudanese woman collects water in a village for internally displaced people in Central Darfur.
The recent fighting between the Sudanese Armed Forces and the paramilitary Rapid Reaction Forces comes at a time when Sudan was already experiencing its highest levels of humanitarian need in a decade.
The removal of long-time authoritarian leader Omar al-Bashir in 2019 brought optimism that the country would be returned to civilian rule. However, a military coup two years later dissolved the transitional civilian government sparking political and economic turmoil and reigniting intercommunal conflict in the western Darfur region and Blue Nile and Kordofan states.
In addition, extreme weather linked to climate change, including floods and droughts, has affected hundreds of thousands of people across the country, destroying crops and livestock and making it increasingly difficult for families to put food on the table.
2. Before the current conflict, 4.5 million Sudanese people were already displaced
Sudan has been grappling with conflict and displacement since the start of the Darfur crisis in 2003. By the end of 2022, over 3.7 million people were internally displaced, with the majority living in camps in Darfur. Another 800,000 Sudanese were living as refugees in neighbouring countries such as Chad, South Sudan, Egypt and Ethiopia.
At the same time, the country was home to over 1 million refugees – the second-highest refugee population in Africa. The majority were from South Sudan and lived in Khartoum and White Nile States but refugees fleeing the crisis in northern Ethiopia starting in late 2020 also found refuge in eastern Sudan and others came from Eritrea, Syria and the Central African Republic.
Some of those now fleeing the country are refugees attempting to return home or to other neighbouring countries, even if that means going to areas that are far from stable or ready to receive them.