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The UNHCR Refugee Data app showcases forced displacement and statelessness statistics over the last 24 years by country of asylum and origin.
People that UNHCR protects and/or assists include those who have been forcibly displaced (refugees, asylum-seekers, other people in need of international protection and internally displaced people); those who are stateless (most of whom are not forcibly displaced); and other groups of concern to whom UNHCR has extended its protection or provided assistance on a humanitarian basis. Refugee and IDP returnees are included in the solutions datasets.
| Year |
Country of Origin |
Country of Asylum |
Refugees under UNHCR’s mandate ↑ |
Asylum-seekers |
IDPs of concern to UNHCR ↑ |
Other people in need of international protection |
Stateless persons |
Host community |
Others of concern |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2019 | - | - | 20,414,669 | 4,148,141 | 43,503,362 | 3,582,202 | 4,217,774 | 2,304,506 | 3,857,179 |
| 2020 | - | - | 20,661,846 | 4,184,926 | 48,557,439 | 3,862,102 | 4,179,331 | 4,369,021 | 3,939,756 |
| 2021 | - | - | 21,327,285 | 4,616,135 | 51,322,623 | 4,406,432 | 4,338,192 | 6,731,133 | 4,223,095 |
| 2022 | - | - | 29,429,078 | 5,442,319 | 57,321,197 | 5,217,456 | 4,428,314 | 23,957,770 | 6,008,804 |
| 2024 | - | - | 30,958,200 | 8,352,712 | 68,131,711 | 5,875,359 | 4,360,087 | 27,279,257 | 3,820,662 |
| 2023 | - | - | 31,637,408 | 6,858,499 | 63,251,367 | 5,755,363 | 4,358,188 | 26,095,474 | 5,945,550 |
| Footnote | Year | Country of Origin |
Country of Asylum |
Population Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Other people in need of international protection refers to people who are outside their country or territory of origin, typically because they have been forcibly displaced across international borders, who have not been reported under other categories (asylum-seekers, refugees, people in refugee-like situations) but who likely need international protection, including protection against forced return, as well as access to basic services on a temporary or longer-term basis. | 2019 - 2022 | - | - | OIP |
| The refugee population in Jordan includes 28,900 Iraqis registered with UNHCR. The Government of Jordan estimated the number of Iraqis at 400,000 individuals at the end of March 2015. This includes refugees and other categories of Iraqis. | 2023 | Iraq | Jordan | REF |
| The total stateless population in Malaysia includes 9,392 non-displaced stateless persons who may be entitled to Malaysian nationality under the law. This number of non-displaced stateless persons is based on a registration and community legal assistance programme undertaken in West Malaysia by a local NGO with technical support from UNHCR. The total statelessness figure reported also includes 107,678 stateless persons of Rohingya ethnicity who are also counted as refugees or asylum-seekers from Myanmar, mainly from Rakhine State. | 2023 | - | Malaysia | STA |
| The total statelessness figure reported relates to 2,089 stateless persons who are also counted as refugees or asylum-seekers. There are also indications that a potentially sizable population of non-displaced stateless persons exists for whom no data is available. | 2023 | - | Indonesia | STA |
| The data is based on the registered population as of end-2020, as data for 2021 was not available at time of publication apart from the data on asylum-seekers, which was sourced from Eurostat, and resettlement which was sourced from the Federal Agency for the Reception of Asylum Seekers. | 2021 | - | Belgium | REF,ASY,STA,OOC,RET,RDP,OIP |
| With regards to stateless statistics, the figure for non-displaced stateless is based on results from the 2021 Population Census, deducting the figures of stateless refugees and stateless asylum-seekers. | 2024 | - | Greece | STA |
| Refugees includes people in refugee-like situations | 2019 - 2024 | - | Albania | REF, |
| In Thailand, the number of new refugee arrivals is not available, but the Operation Centre for Displaced Persons, Ministry of Interior of Thailand, estimates that 52,000 refugees fled Myanmar and subsequently returned home from Thailand’s Temporary Safety Areas. | 2024 | - | Thailand | REF |
| The 1.7 million refugees includes around 1,316,800 registered refugees, around 140,900 unregistered members of registered families who were being verified at the time of reporting and were recorded through the documentation renewal and information verification exercise (DRIVE) and around 286,100 Afghans who arrived in the country on or after 1 January 2021. | 2022 | - | Pakistan | REF |
| Based on the information reported in the media as well as UNHCR protection monitoring activities, UNHCR estimates there to be 3,000 people of various origins in Tajikistan who may be in need of international protection. | 2023 | - | Tajikistan | REF |
| The total statelessness figure includes 561,500 stateless persons reported by the Royal Thai Government and registered with the national civil registration system as of end-2021. | 2021 | - | Thailand | STA |
| Based on the information reported in the media as well as UNHCR protection monitoring activities, UNHCR estimates there to be 42,412 people of various origins in Kazakhstan who may be in need of international protection. | 2023 | - | Kazakhstan | REF |
| The overall figures for Spain include refugee status (11%), subsidiary protection (16%) and humanitarian reasons (73%). | 2021 | - | Spain | REF |
| UNHCR continues to report on the 2,534 refugees and 36,241 stateless people until their status and whereabouts can be ascertained. For asylum-seekers, end of year figures account also for those who confirmed their spontaneous departure to UNHCR from February 2022. The others of concern figure at end-2022 corresponds to the number of conflict-affected, non-displaced people assisted by UNHCR during the year. | 2022 | - | Ukraine | REF,ASY,STA,OOC,RET,RDP,OIP |
| The numbers refer to mid-2020, as data for end-2020 was not available at time of publication. | 2020 | - | Angola | REF,ASY,STA,OOC,RET,RDP,OIP |
| The number of refugees was rebased using updated data on the number of residence permit holder with refugee status and temporary protection holders by the end of 2022, available from Eurostat. | 2023 | - | Italy | REF |
| Stateless persons reported by UNHCR correspond to persons recognized as stateless by the authorities of Panama and the estimated number of persons in risk of statelessness of undetermined nationality according to the 2023 Census. | 2024 | - | Panama | STA |
| From various sources such as civil status offices, health institutions, schools, municipal child protection units, and social services, UNHCR estimates the number of people with undetermined nationality (at risk of statelessness). | 2021 - 2022 | - | Albania | STA |
| The 98,900 IDPs in Pakistan that were displaced by conflict in the Tirah valley are now reported by the government to have returned. | 2022 | - | Pakistan | RDP |
| The United States of America has also offered temporary status in certain circumstances to people in need of international protection. UNHCR is in discussions with the U.S. government about how to best reflect such datapoints for all relevant populations in future reporting cycles. | 2023 - 2024 | - | United States of America | REF |
| The 2.0 million refugees include around 1,371,400 registered refugees and around 143,900 unregistered members of registered families who were recorded through the documentation renewal and information verification exercise (DRIVE) and are being verified at the time of reporting. It also includes an estimated 472,900 Afghans who sought asylum in Pakistan, following transition in Afghanistan in August 2021. In total, some 600,000 Afghans have arrived in Pakistan since then, according to the Government estimates. | 2023 | Afghanistan | Pakistan | REF |
| Only those asylum-seekers facing acute or imminent protection risks are registered by UNHCR. In addition, there are some 3,900 other asylum-seekers who were individually assessed, counselled and advised to inform UNHCR of any changes in their situation, which would justify a decision to register them. | 2024 | - | Saudi Arabia | ASY |
| With respect to persons under UNHCR’s statelessness mandate, this figure includes persons of concern covered by two separate Latvian laws. 160 persons fall under the Republic of Latvia’s Law on Stateless Persons on 17 February 2004. 209,007 of the persons fall under Latvia’s 25 April 1995 Law on the Status of those Former USSR Citizens who are not Citizens of Latvia or Any Other State (“Non-citizens”). In the specific context of Latvia, the “Non-citizens” enjoy the right to reside in Latvia ex lege and a set of rights and obligations generally beyond the rights prescribed by the 1954 Convention relating to the Status of Stateless Persons, including protection from removal, and as such the “Non-citizens” may currently be considered persons to whom the Convention does not apply in accordance with Article 1.2(ii). | 2020 | - | Latvia | STA |
| The new statelessness figure is based on a 2019 mapping study jointly conducted by the Government and UNHCR. | 2019 - 2020 | - | Cote d'Ivoire | STA |
| With respect to persons under UNHCR’s statelessness mandate, this figure includes persons of concern covered by two separate Latvian laws. 169 persons fall under the Republic of Latvia’s Law on Stateless Persons of 17 February 2004. 216,682 of the persons fall under Latvia’s 25 April 1995 Law on the Status of those Former USSR Citizens who are not Citizens of Latvia or Any Other State (“Non-citizens”). In the specific context of Latvia, the “Non-citizens” enjoy the right to reside in Latvia ex lege and a set of rights and obligations generally beyond the rights prescribed by the 1954 Convention relating to the Status of Stateless Persons, including protection from removal, and as such the “Non-citizens” may currently be considered persons to whom the Convention does not apply in accordance with Article 1.2(ii). | 2019 | - | Latvia | STA |
| With respect to persons under UNHCR’s statelessness mandate, this figure includes persons of concern covered by two separate Latvian laws. 159 persons fall under the Republic of Latvia’s Law on Stateless Persons on 17 February 2004. 180,455 of the persons fall under Latvia’s 25 April 1995 Law on the Status of those Former USSR Citizens who are not Citizens of Latvia or Any Other State (“Non-citizens”). In the specific context of Latvia, the “Non-citizens” enjoy the right to reside in Latvia ex lege and a set of rights and obligations generally beyond the rights prescribed by the 1954 Convention relating to the Status of Stateless Persons, including protection from removal, and as such the “Non-citizens” may currently be considered persons to whom the Convention does not apply in accordance with Article 1.2(ii). | 2023 | - | Latvia | STA |
| The decrease in the stateless population in Iceland between 2022 and 2023 is due to de-duplication of figures reported in previous years. | 2023 | - | Iceland | STA |
| The 1.5 million refugees includes around 1,252,800 registered refugees, around 129,700 unregistered members of registered families who were being verified at the time of reporting and were recorded through the documentation renewal and information verification exercise (DRIVE) and around 108,000 Afghans who arrived in the country on or after 1 January 2021. | 2021 | - | Pakistan | REF |
| Asylum applications which are reported as cases can be multiplied overall by average number of person per case of 1.5 when summarising the data by country of asylum, but not origin. This is due to the significant variance in the average case size by country of origin. | 2020 | - | United States of America | ASY |
| The decrease in the stateless population in Denmark between 2022 and 2023 is due to de-duplication of figures reported in previous years. | 2023 | - | Denmark | STA |
| The estimated figure of stateless persons in Lebanon is around 40,000. However, there is no official data on the scope of statelessness in Lebanon. Recent studies, including a 2021 study in Akkar undertaken by UNHCR and SIREN Associates, indicate that an estimated 27,000 to 40,000 persons in Lebanon lack a nationality. This does not include any estimate of statelessness amongst populations displaced to Lebanon, or of populations that may be at risk of statelessness. This reported figure will be reviewed as more information becomes available. | 2024 | - | Lebanon | STA |
| The figure represents a rudimentary estimate of in situ stateless persons. These estimates were provided by representatives from these unrecognized communities. The estimated figures have not been verified or confirmed by the government of Uganda and UNHCR and UNHCR is planning to support government efforts to gather official statistics on stateless persons and persons of undetermined nationality in Uganda. | 2021 | - | Uganda | STA |
| A population census in 2021, resulted in a revision of the number of persons under international protection living in Canada, which was previously estimated by UNHCR. Year-end stock refers to protected persons who are yet to acquire permanent resident status. | 2022 | - | Canada | REF |
| In 2022, people provided international protection on the basis of the humanitarian situation in their country of origin were reported as in a refugee-like situation. | 2022 | - | Japan | REF |
| With regard to the statelessness figures, in 2019, Colombia granted nationality by birth to 28,500 children with undetermined nationality born in Colombia to Venezuelan parents displaced abroad. As these children were both identified as persons with undetermined nationality and granted Colombian nationality in 2019, there was no impact on the figures reported. | 2019 | - | Colombia | STA |
| In South Africa, all refugees and asylum-seekers with valid permits were considered to be active during the COVID-19 pandemic era as long as their permit’s expiry dates were after the breakout of the pandemic. With the resumption of normal services in 2022, many permits have been inactivated and are therefore considered to be administrative closures. In total, some 72,200 individuals either did not extend their permits or the extended permits became inactive by the end of the year. Individuals whose permits have been inactivated can reapply although asylum-seekers and refugees have reported challenges in accessing the online renewal system. | 2022 | - | South Africa | REF,ASY,STA,OOC,RET,RDP,OIP |
| The Lebanese government estimates that 1.5 million Syrians are in Lebanon (some 755,400 registered by UNHCR as well as 10,000 asylum-seekers and refugees of other nationalities). | 2024 | - | Lebanon | REF |
| This includes around 770,500 refugees and 27,800 UNHCR pre-registered new arrivals, reported as refugee-like. Based on information received from the Government in October 2020, the Islamic Republic of Iran hosts 800,000 refugees, of which 780,000 are Afghan Amayesh cardholders and 20,000 are Iraqi Hoviat cardholders. These cards effectively offer refugee status to their holders. UNHCR has been in continuous engagement with the authorities in relation to these figures ever since. In view of the absence of updated data, UNHCR sought to estimate the changes in the refugee population considering the natural growth and onward movements, estimating the total to be some 770,000 refugees (out of which 750,000 were Afghans and 20,000 Iraqis). | 2021 | - | Iran (Islamic Rep. of) | REF |
| Figure of others of concern relates to persons who have specific protection needs and live in non-government-controlled areas or within 20 km of the contact line in government-controlled areas. | 2019 | - | Ukraine | OOC |
| Based on new arrivals information in the report of international organizations and UNHCR protection monitoring activities, UNHCR estimates there to be 23,400 people of various origins in Kyrgyzstan who may be in need of international protection. | 2024 | - | Kyrgyzstan | REF |
| In the absence of official data, the figure reported refers to stateless persons and persons with undetermined nationality identified by UNHCR partner organizations in Turkmenistan. The increase in the reported figure is due to the identification of new people in stateless situations. | 2022 | - | Turkmenistan | STA |
| Only those asylum-seekers facing acute or imminent protection risks are registered by UNHCR. In addition, there are some 12,400 other asylum-seekers who were individually assessed, counselled and advised to inform UNHCR of any changes in their situation, which would justify a decision to register them. | 2021 | - | Saudi Arabia | ASY |
| The 303,100 Vietnamese refugees are well integrated and in practice receive protection from the Government of China. | 2019 - 2021 | - | China | REF |
| With regard to the statelessness figures, in 2020, Colombia granted nationality by birth to 7,700 children with undetermined nationality born in Colombia to Venezuelan parents displaced abroad. As these children were both identified as persons with undetermined nationality and granted Colombian nationality in 2020, there was no impact on the figures reported. | 2020 | - | Colombia | STA |
| The Albanian Government conducted the Population and Housing Census during the period of September–October 2023. The results of the census are expected to be published by the end of June 2024 and the number of persons at risk of statelessness identified will be updated accordingly. The start-year figures are based on an identification exercise conducted in 2021 which identified a further 1,120 persons at risk of statelessness, subtracting the number of undocumented persons who had their nationality confirmed by the Albanian authorities in 2021. During 2022, an additional 350 people were assisted to confirm their nationalities through administrative and/or judicial procedures, out of which 238 were fully resolved. | 2023 | - | Albania | STA |
| The profiles that are registered under this undetermined nationality category provided by the Ministry of Interior are not clearly defined and therefore these 9,641 have been removed from Stateless statistics published for Belgium. | 2020 | - | Belgium | STA |
| The statistics of stateless/undetermined nationality have been revised as per the updated data received from the Ministry of Interior (as of end-2024). Based on this, the figure of 954 (other stateless persons according to 2011 census) has been removed. This is to note that the latest 2021 census did not include the category of stateless persons, therefore these are not reported. | 2024 | - | Czechia | STA |
| Various studies estimate that a large number of individuals lack citizenship certificates in Nepal. While these individuals are not all necessarily stateless, UNHCR has been working closely with the Government of Nepal and partners to address this situation. | 2019 | - | Nepal | STA |
| No official data on the actual number of refugees residing in Bulgaria is available. The estimate includes 74,300 Ukrainians who received temporary protection, and 34,400 other refugees. | 2024 | - | Bulgaria | REF |
| Figure is based on a registration exercise in 2015 in three regions, leading to the registration of 842 people as stateless by the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Tajikistan.The additional 2,985 persons reflects individuals identified by UNHCR partners as at risk of statelessness or with undetermined nationality awaiting a solution from the government, as well as individuals who obtained residency permits for stateless persons reported by UNHCR partners. | 2023 | - | Tajikistan | STA |
| All 58 persons were in the final stages of naturalization or citizenship confirmation formalities. | 2019 | - | Kyrgyzstan | STA |
| The UK’s stateless figures show the number of stateless individuals recognised through the UK's stateless determination procedure since it began in 2013. In previous years, this figure has been calculated by adding all grants of stateless leave. This resulted in unavoidable double counting for stateless individuals who were applying for further statelessness leave after the expiry of their initial grant of leave. The UK Government has now provided data for initial and subsequent grants. The subsequent grants have therefore been removed from the previous cumulative figure between 2013 - 2018. Since 2019, the cumulative figure now only includes initial grants of leave following individuals’ recognition as stateless. As of 2023, the total number of individuals recognised under UK’s statelessness determination procedure is 362. UNHCR further provides the number of asylum-seekers and refugees whose nationality has been recorded as ‘stateless’ as part of the asylum process. For this group there has been no formal determination that they are stateless.The number of 'stateless' asylum-seekers in the UK awaiting a decision has been revised, following decisions on their asylum claims during the year. | 2023 | - | United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland | STA |
| The stateless statistics figure is a combination of data published by the National Institute of Statistics (570 as of 1 January 2024), as well as estimates from NGOs on the number of persons who are stateless or at risk of statelessness present in Italy. | 2024 | - | Italy | STA |
| The figure of others of concern has been provided by the Government of Colombia. | 2022 - 2023 | Colombia | Colombia | OOC |
| According to some reports many stateless persons have been naturalized since 2011, but no official figures are yet confirmed. The reported figures will be reviewed as more information becomes available. | 2024 | - | Syrian Arab Rep. | STA |
| The statelessness figure is based on a 2019 mapping study jointly conducted by the Government and UNHCR. | 2021, 2023 - 2024 | - | Cote d'Ivoire | STA |
| In 2020, the refugee estimates were updated using the data provided by ISTAT for 2019, augmented with the decisions on asylum applications provided by the Ministry of Interior in 2020. The ISTAT statistics provide the total number of people with valid refugee residence permits, disaggregated for the 50 most common countries of origins. This resulted in a reduction in the start-year refugee population of 91,200 refugees. | 2020 | - | Italy | REF |
| With regards to refugee statistics, since 2024 the number of refugees in Iceland are based on data reported by authorities of persons with valid residence permits issued on the basis of international protection, subsidiary protection, resettlement or family reasons and adding beneficiaries of temporary protection. It does not include refugees who have been granted permanent residence permits. The figures replace previous refugee stock estimations conducted by UNHCR. | 2024 | - | Iceland | REF |
| The figure is based on an estimate provided in 2020 of ethnic Vietnamese persons whose legal identity documents were withdrawn and whose nationality is undetermined. | 2023 | - | Cambodia | STA |
| Official statistics on the size of the refugee population are not available. UNHCR refugee population estimates is based on the cumulative number of recognized asylum-seekers over the past 10 years, plus the reported number of beneficiaries of Temporary Protection in the country by end-2024. | 2024 | - | Austria | REF |
| UNHCR is currently working with the authorities and other actors to determine the size of the population that found an effective nationality solution under Law 169-14. Since the adoption of Law 169-14 in May 2014, important steps have been taken by the Dominican Republic to confirm Dominican nationality through the validation of birth certificates of individuals born in the country to two migrant parents before 2007. According to information shared by the Dominican delegation during the 2019 High-Level Segment on Statelessness, approximately 48 per cent of the total Group A population of 61,049 persons had been authorized by the National Electoral Board (JCE) to request their nationality documentation. Additionally, as of December 2019, over 1,700 Group B persons (900 of which were children) had submitted applications for naturalization to the Ministry of Interior and of the Police (MIP). However, no naturalization decisions concerning this population had been issued by December 2022. | 2022 | - | Dominican Rep. | STA |
| UNHCR is verifying the number of stateless persons with the Government of Saudi Arabia. | 2019 - 2024 | - | Saudi Arabia | STA |
| The reduction of about 109,400 is due to improved estimates of Somali refugees in Yemen. Starting in September 2020, UNHCR has been working with the authorities and other actors to improve estimates of refugee and asylum-seeker statistics in Yemen. | 2020 | - | Yemen | REF |
| The methodology for estimating the number of refugees in Australia is under review and subject to adjustment in future reports. The asylum-seeker figure is based on the number of applications lodged for protection visas. | 2019 - 2021 | - | Australia | REF |
| The number of refugees was re-calculated based on the refugee data, as provided by the government. The overall figures for Spain include refugee status (8%), subsidiary protection (9%), temporary protection (51%) and humanitarian reasons (32%). | 2024 | - | Spain | REF |
| Estimates of the number of Ukrainians in a refugee-like situation in Montenegro were revised. | 2024 | - | Montenegro | REF |
| The UK’s stateless figures show the number of stateless individuals recognised through the UK's stateless determination procedure since it began in 2013. In previous years, this figure has been calculated by adding all grants of stateless leave. This resulted in unavoidable double counting for stateless individuals who were applying for further statelessness leave after the expiry of their initial grant of leave. The UK Government has now provided data for initial and subsequent grants. The subsequent grants have therefore been removed from the previous cumulative figure between 2013 - 2018. Since 2019, the cumulative figure now only includes initial grants of leave following individuals’ recognition as stateless. At the end of 2021, the total number of individuals recognised under UK’s statelessness determination procedure is 258. UNHCR further provides the number of asylum-seekers and refugees whose nationality has been recorded as ‘stateless’ as part of the asylum process. For this group there has been no formal determination that they are stateless. | 2021 | - | United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland | STA |
| In October 2020, UNHCR Iran received the data on total number of refugees from the Government of the Islamic Republic of Iran, on which consultations are ongoing. According to it, 800,000 refugee card holders reside in the Islamic Republic of Iran, 780,000 of whom are Afghans and 20,000 Iraqis. The last time the Iranian Government had shared information on Afghan refugee population was in May 2015, when according to it 951,410 Afghan refugees resided in Iran; the Iraqi refugee population data was shared in 2013, and according to it 28,268 Iraqi refugees resided in Iran. UNHCR is in consultations with the authorities to understand the reasons behind the decrease reported in 2020 data (170,081 for Afghan refugees and 8,268 for Iraqi refugees). | 2020 | - | Iran (Islamic Rep. of) | REF |
| The number of IDP returns in Ukraine is estimated using the IOM DTM Ukraine General Population Survey Round 15. The figure of 1.3 million IDP returns, was estimated by combining the share of returnees who returned from within the country and the share of returnees who had returned during the previous 12 months. | 2023 | - | Ukraine | RDP |
| The increase in the number of refugees and asylum-seekers in Libya is due to the arrival in 2024 of a total of 228,800 Sudanese. Almost 30,800 of them were registered as asylum-seekers by UNHCR and the remaining 198,000 are estimated based on the issuance of health cards in areas outside of Tripoli and reported as people in a refugee-like situation. | 2024 | - | Libya | REF,ASY,STA,OOC,RET,RDP,OIP |
| The others of concern figure corresponds to the number of conflict-affected, non-displaced people assisted by UNHCR during the year. | 2023 - 2024 | - | Ukraine | OOC |
| Based on the information reported in the media as well as UNHCR protection monitoring activities, UNHCR estimates there to be 2,300 people of various origins in Tajikistan who may be in need of international protection. | 2024 | - | Tajikistan | REF |
| The statelessness figure refers to stateless persons with permanent residence reported by the Government of Uzbekistan in November 2020 under the XII Report on compliance of Uzbekistan with CERD. Information on other categories of statelessness is unavailable. | 2020 | - | Uzbekistan | STA |
| Statistics on asylum applications and decisions processed by the government of Rwanda are reported by UNHCR based on information shared by Government of Rwanda. The comprehensive data is however only available with the government of Rwanda. Please also note, that small figures have been redacted for data protection reasons. Among asylum applications decided upon by the government of Rwanda, the total number of recognised asylum-seekers in 2022 was 41, while 103 applications were rejected and 27 cased were otherwise closed. Statistics on applications and decisions processed by UNHCR, reflect case processing for the purpose of durable solutions as part of the Emergency Transit Mechanism (ETM). | 2022 | - | Rwanda | ASY |
| The figure for the Russian Federation includes 65,400 Ukrainians who were granted refugee or temporary asylum status, as well as those recorded in the country in 2022 under other forms of stay. | 2022 | - | Russian Federation | REF |
| An improved methodology to estimate the number of refugees hosted in the United States of America, using official statistics from US Citizenship and Immigration Services, led to a decrease of the refugee stock within the country. | 2022 | - | United States of America | REF |
| Asylum applications which are reported as cases can be multiplied overall by average number of person per case of 1.3 when summarising the data by country of asylum, but not origin. This is due to the significant variance in the average case size by country of origin. | 2019 - 2022 | - | United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland | ASY |
| No official data on the actual number of refugees residing in Bulgaria is available. According to estimates, between 1,000 and 2,000 refugees and humanitarian status holders remain in the country. It is expected that the 2021 National Census, which will include the first-time refugee and stateless populations, will provide more accurate data. | 2020 | - | Bulgaria | REF |
| The total statelessness figure reported relates to 22,646 stateless persons of Rohingya ethnicity who are also counted as refugees or asylum-seekers from Myanmar, mainly from Rakhine State. The reported figure does not represent an estimate of the entire stateless population. | 2023 | - | India | STA |
| The figure is based on the 2024 National Housing & Population Census report which shows that there are 10,284 persons who identified themselves as members of indigenous communities, namely Bagabu, Bakingwe, Benet and Maragoli, that are not listed as nationals of Uganda in the Third Schedule to the Constitution. However, this may not represent the entirety of the stateless population in the country. | 2024 | - | Uganda | STA |
| UNHCR is currently working with the authorities and other actors to determine the size of the population that found an effective nationality solution under Law 169-14. Since the adoption of Law 169-14 in May 2014, important steps have been taken by the Dominican Republic to confirm Dominican nationality through the validation of birth certificates of individuals born in the country to two migrant parents before 2007. According to information shared by the Dominican delegation during the 2019 High-Level Segment on Statelessness, approximately 48 per cent of the total Group A population of 61,049 persons had been authorized by the National Electoral Board (JCE) to request their nationality documentation. Additionally, as of December 2019, over 1,700 Group B persons (900 of which were children) had submitted applications for naturalization to the Ministry of Interior and of the Police (MIP). However, no naturalization decisions concerning this population had been issued by December 2024. | 2024 | - | Dominican Rep. | STA |
| The total statelessness figure includes 573,900 stateless persons reported by the Royal Thai Government and registered with the national civil registration system by the end of 2022. | 2022 | - | Thailand | STA |
| The number of returned IDPs is estimated by taking a difference between the returned IDPs as stocks reported in DTM Round 17 (August - September 2023) and Round 13 (June - July 2022) at the national level due to a lack of data availability on the timing of returns. Caution should be applied to the figures, given that subnational coverage of each round is different, for example, Round 13 did not cover Tigray and Round 17 did not cover considerable areas of Amhara. | 2023 | - | Ethiopia | RDP |
| The decrease in the stateless population in France between 2023 and 2024 is due to de-duplication of figures reported in previous years. | 2024 | - | France | STA |
| A limited number of countries record refugee and asylum statistics by country of birth rather than country of origin. This affects the number of refugees reported as originating from the United States of America. | 2019 - 2024 | United States of America | - | REF |
| The number of refugee returns to Ukraine is estimated using IOM’s "Returns Report — General Population Survey" and "Internal Displacement Report — General Population Survey", Round 19. The estimated number of refugees who returned from abroad to their place of origin since the start of the war (1,066,000) was added to the estimated number of refugees who returned from abroad but not to their area of origin (355,000). This total was multiplied by the estimated proportion who returned in 2024 according to the GPS Return Report, excluding returnees for less than 3 months (which is the timeframe established in UNHCR’s Position Paper on Returns from Ukraine as indication of the intention of a stable return). This resulted in 14 per cent of total estimated returns from abroad (or 203,000 persons). The breakdown by former country of asylum is based on results from the latest UNHCR Intention Surveys with refugees returnees. | 2024 | Ukraine | - | RET |
| The figures for stateless individuals in Spain represent the 8,525 individuals recognized through the Spanish stateless determination procedure under the 1954 Convention relating to the Status of Stateless Persons, as well as 39 stateless refugees and 15 stateless asylum-seekers. Source: Permanent Observatory on Immigration, Spanish Ministry of Inclusion, Social Security and Migration. | 2023 | - | Spain | STA |
| Various studies estimate that a significant number of individuals originally from Nepal lack citizenship certificates. While these individuals originally from Nepal are not all necessarily stateless, UNHCR has been working closely with the Government of Nepal and partners to address this situation. | 2020 - 2024 | - | Nepal | STA |
| In situ figure based on the 2021 census. Figures for stateless refugees and stateless asylum-seekers have been de-duplicated from census data. | 2023 | - | Greece | STA |
| The statelessness figure refers to a census from 2011 and has been adjusted to reflect the number of persons with undetermined nationality who had their nationality confirmed in 2011-2019. | 2019 | - | Albania | STA |
| With respect to persons under UNHCR’s statelessness mandate, this figure includes persons of concern covered by two separate Latvian laws. 157 persons fall under the Republic of Latvia’s Law on Stateless Persons on 17 February 2004. 173,729 of the persons fall under Latvia’s 25 April 1995 Law on the Status of those Former USSR Citizens who are not Citizens of Latvia or Any Other State (“Non-citizens”). In the specific context of Latvia, the “Non-citizens” enjoy the right to reside in Latvia ex lege and a set of rights and obligations generally beyond the rights prescribed by the 1954 Convention relating to the Status of Stateless Persons, including protection from removal, and as such the “Non-citizens” may currently be considered persons to whom the Convention does not apply in accordance with Article 1.2(ii). | 2024 | - | Latvia | STA |
| Data is as of end-2020, apart from the data on asylum-seekers, which was sourced from Eurostat. | 2021 | - | Luxembourg | REF,ASY,STA,OOC,RET,RDP,OIP |
| The decreased statistical data on refugees and subsidiary protection holders in Malta is primarily attributed to a revised/updated official data shared with UNHCR by the International Protection Agency under the Ministry of Home Affairs, Security and Employment. The official governmental data (as of June 30, 2024) reflects the active international protection holders residing in Malta. | 2024 | - | Malta | REF |
| The statelessness figure refers to stateless persons with permanent residence in Uzbekistan officially reported by the Government of Uzbekistan to UNHCR as of 31 December 2023. Information on other categories of statelessness is unavailable. | 2023 | - | Uzbekistan | STA |
| The figure for the Russian Federation includes 6,894 Ukrainians who were granted refugee or temporary asylum status by end-2024. Moreover, as of mid-2023 an estimated 1.2 million Ukrainians were recorded in the Russian Federation under different legal forms of stay (other than refugee or temporary asylum status) and reported by UNHCR as persons in a refugee-like situation. However, this figure has not been updated since June 2023, and therefore can no longer be included in UNHCR’s official statistics for end of 2024. | 2024 | - | Russian Federation | REF |
| This figure is a combination of data published by the National Institute of Statistics (675 as of 1 January 2023), as well as estimates from NGOs on the number of persons who are stateless or at risk of statelessness present in Italy. | 2023 | - | Italy | STA |
| The total statelessness figure includes 480,696 stateless persons reported by the Royal Thai Government and registered with the national civil registration system as of end-2020. | 2020 | - | Thailand | STA |
| According to the Government of Algeria, there are an estimated 165,000 Sahrawi refugees in the Tindouf camps. Statistical data relating to refugees are entirely for humanitarian purposes. The total number of persons in need of humanitarian assistance services is estimated to be far higher than this figure. | 2019 - 2023 | - | Algeria | REF |
| A study is being pursued to provide a revised estimate of the statelessness figure. | 2019 - 2021 | - | Zimbabwe | STA |
| With regards to stateless statistics, the figures include: (a) the number of stateless asylum seekers at end-year as reported by the Norwegian authorities; (b) the number of stateless refugees at year-end with valid residence permit as of 1 January 2024 and increases (e.g. recognitions) or decreases (e.g. refugee status cessation and naturalisations) through the year as reported by Norwegian authorities; and (c) the number of non-displaced stateless persons (those with other non-protection related types of permits) based on data from Statistics Norway corresponding to the resident population recorded as "Stateless" as of 1 January 2025, deducting the estimated number of stateless refugees at year-end. | 2024 | - | Norway | STA |
| In January 2024, the Government of Turkmenistan released first time ever official statistical information on stateless persons. Previously, in the absence of official data, the figure reported refers to stateless persons and persons with undetermined nationality identified by UNHCR partner organizations in Turkmenistan. Given the discrepancies between partner organizations figures and official figures as of 31 Dec 2023, UNHCR plans to continue crosschecking of partners’ database with the Turkmen authorities in 2024 in order to ensure accurate reporting for 2024. The decrease in the reported figure corresponds to those people who were naturalized or who had another nationality confirmed. | 2023 | - | Turkmenistan | STA |
| All data is as of end-2022. | 2023 - 2024 | - | Curacao | REF,ASY,STA,OOC,RET,RDP,OIP |
| From 10 October to 31 December 2021, UNHCR conducted 142,182 household-level multi-sectorial rapid assessments in 314 districts in all 34 provinces with the goal of identifying families in need of UNHCR assistance. At least 791,000 returned IDPs were identify during the assessments. | 2021 | - | Afghanistan | RDP |
| UNHCR is currently working with the authorities and other actors to determine the size of the population that found an effective nationality solution under Law 169-14. Since the adoption of Law 169-14 in May 2014, important steps have been taken by the Dominican Republic to confirm Dominican nationality through the validation of birth certificates of individuals born in the country to two migrant parents before 2007. According to information shared by the Dominican delegation during the 2019 High-Level Segment on Statelessness, approximately 48 per cent of the total Group A population of 61,049 persons had been authorized by the National Electoral Board (JCE) to request their nationality documentation. Additionally, as of December 2019, over 1,700 Group B persons (900 of which were children) had submitted applications for naturalization to the Ministry of Interior and of the Police (MIP). However, no naturalization decisions concerning this population had been issued by end 2020. | 2020 | - | Dominican Rep. | REF,ASY,STA,OOC,RET,RDP,OIP |
| Stateless figures in Australia are sourced from the Government. They consist of figures on stateless persons held in detention and those that have been issued or are in an application process for an “Onshore Humanitarian Visa” and have self-reported to be stateless. Australia does not have a separate statelessness status determination procedure and only provides statistics on humanitarian visas. Due to this, the figure reported here does not capture all stateless persons in Australia and is not an estimate of statelessness in Australia. Figures for stateless persons in detention come from the Australian Government Department of Home Affairs and Australian Border Force report on Immigration Detention and Community Statistics Summary 31 December 2023. | 2023 | - | Australia | STA |
| With regards to stateless statistics, the number of stateless displaced persons have not been available for several years, hence current estimates may not reflect the real numbers currently in the country. | 2024 | - | Austria | STA |
| With regards to refugee statistics, since 2024 the number of refugees is Denmark are based on data reported by authorities of persons with valid residence permits for asylum as of 1 January 2024 and increases (e.g. recognitions) or decreases (e.g. refugee status cessation) through the year are as reported by authorities. Figures for temporary protection holders in Denmark are based on data by Eurostat. The figures replace previous refugee stock estimations conducted by UNHCR. | 2024 | - | Denmark | REF |
| There is no official data on statelessness in Poland. The reported figure refers to the number of stateless people holding a personal identification number issued by the Government, which does not cover all stateless people in the country. The figure additionally includes stateless asylum-seekers and refugees (including beneficiaries of temporary protection) in Poland. | 2024 | - | Poland | STA |
| In November 2017, jointly with the Ministry of the Interior of Montenegro (MoI) and the Ministry of Labor and Social Welfare, UNHCR carried out a field verification of all ex-Yugoslav refugees with unresolved legal status and persons at risk of statelessness, known to UNHCR at that time. The field exercise covered 2,318 individuals (including 42% children) in 20 out of 23 municipalities of Montenegro. Based on the verification results, in 2018 UNHCR reported at least 605 persons at risk of statelessness (145 at risk of statelessness and 460 in a statelessness like situation). During 2023 their number decreased for 125 persons. However, new 37 persons at risk of statelessness were identified in the field, leading to the total number of 406 persons at risk of statelessness at the end of 2023. In 2018 Montenegro introduced formal statelessness determination procedure in its legal system. By the end of 2023, through this procedure, 10 persons were officially recognized as stateless by the MoI | 2023 | - | Montenegro | STA |
| The number of other people in need of international protection is estimated from the RMRP. | 2021 | - | Chile | OIP |
| The great majority are former Yugoslav citizens who have yet to have their nationality of North Macedonia formally recognized through the issuance of documents proving nationality. | 2023 | - | North Macedonia | STA |
| Since 2023, the number of refugees is based on the data on refugee and temporary protection status holders at year-end as provided by authorities. The figures replace previous refugee stock estimations conducted by UNHCR. | 2024 | - | Netherlands (Kingdom of the) | REF |
| The total statelessness figure includes 589,800 stateless persons reported by the Royal Thai Government and registered with the national civil registration system by the end of 2024, as well as other stateless individuals known to UNHCR, including permanent residents of Thailand who have not yet been granted nationality. The figure includes 513 stateless persons of Rohingya ethnicity from Myanmar who are also counted as refugees. | 2024 | - | Thailand | STA |
| Temporary protection granted to Ukrainians does not necessarily mean new displacement since it could include reapplications or reactivations from the refugees who were already granted refugee status following temporary visits to Ukraine as well as duplicated registrations across countries. Furthermore, Ukrainians that have been granted temporary protection may also have lodged individual asylum applications. See Ukraine Refugee Situation: Population movements, Factsheet #2, UNHCR (https://data.unhcr.org/en/documents/details/114591). | 2024 | Ukraine | - | REF,ASY,STA,OOC,RET,RDP,OIP |
| Based on reports from international organizations, UNHCR estimates that there are approximately 3,400 Afghan nationals residing in Turkmenistan who are likely to be in need of international protection. | 2024 | - | Turkmenistan | REF |
| The refugee population in Jordan includes 34,300 Iraqis registered with UNHCR. The Government of Jordan estimated the number of Iraqis at 400,000 individuals at the end of March 2015. This includes refugees and other categories of Iraqis. | 2019 - 2020 | - | Jordan | REF |
| All data is as of May 2024. | 2024 | - | Curacao | REF,ASY,STA,OOC,RET,RDP,OIP |
| With regards to stateless statistics, since 2024 the number of stateless persons at year-end in Sweden are based on data reported by the Swedish Migration Agency including stateless refugees (3,752), stateless asylum-seekers (236) and stateless persons with other non-protection related types of permits (3,027). | 2024 | - | Sweden | STA |
| The estimated figure of persons of concern under the statelessness mandate relates to stateless persons of Rohingya ethnicity in Rakhine State, including stateless Rohingya IDPs in Myanmar. The number of persons of undetermined nationality residing in other states or regions in Myanmar is not currently available. The number of stateless people remaining in Rakhine State following violence in 2016 and 2017 and large scale departures to Bangladesh is based on detailed estimates for each village tract made by UNHCR, other UN agencies and NGOs in early 2018, which concluded that between 532,000 to 600,000 Rohingya remained in Rakhine State, increasing to 619,400 due to additional displacement (including an estimated 253,500 of those Rohingya who have been internally displaced). | 2024 | - | Myanmar | STA |
| This figure reflects the number of stateless persons identified through a survey completed by UNHCR and a partner among various communities affected by statelessness, which led to 1,000 interviews being conducted, through which 233 individuals were considered to be stateless. This figure only captures stateless individuals known to UNHCR, while there are likely to be more people in the country who are stateless. It does not include any estimate of the stateless refugee population or persons of undetermined nationality, populations that are also typically included in official UNHCR statelessness statistics. Based on other data sources it is understood that there are also persons of those profiles in Iraq, and the reported figures will be reviewed as more information becomes available. | 2023 | - | Iraq | STA |
| The total number of refugees is 78,398 at the end of 2019. The numbers published refer to end-2018, as validated disaggregated country of origin data for 2019 was not available at time of publication. | 2019 | - | South Africa | REF |
| The total stateless population in Malaysia includes 9,200 non-displaced stateless people who may be entitled to Malaysian nationality under the law. This number of non-displaced stateless people is based on a registration and community legal assistance programme undertaken in West Malaysia by a local NGO with technical support from UNHCR. | 2024 | - | Malaysia | STA |
| This figure presents an estimate of persons with undetermined nationality/at risk of statelessness, based on a survey conducted by the Directorate General of Immigration and Emigration (DGIE) in 2010, which found approximately 9500 persons to be at risk of statelessness. Efforts are underway to conduct a survey that will provide an updated and reliable statistics in 2022. | 2021 - 2022 | - | Rwanda | STA |
| In the Islamic Republic of Iran, some 2.6 million Afghans have been reported as people in a refugee-like situation. In 2022, the Government of the Islamic Republic of Iran conducted a recount of the previously "head counted" population and extended the scope of this scheme to all undocumented Afghans residing in the country, including those who had newly arrived due to the Taliban takeover in 2021 in Afghanistan. It is reported that 2.6 million Afghans enrolled in this exercise, which provides them with a headcount slip and temporary protection from deportation. | 2022 | - | Iran (Islamic Rep. of) | REF |
| The 2021 end-year statelessness figure refers to stateless persons with permanent residence in Uzbekistan officially reported by the Government of Uzbekistan to UNHCR as of 31 December 2021. Information on other categories of statelessness is unavailable. The reported figure includes a reduction of 2,200 people who acquired the citizenship of Uzbekistan from 1 to 31 December 2020, which was not included in the 2020 annual statistics as it was reported in February 2022. | 2021 | - | Uzbekistan | STA |
| The decrease in the stateless population in Norway between 2022 and 2023 is due to de-duplication of figures reported in previous years. | 2023 | - | Norway | STA |
| The total statelessness figure includes 474,888 non-displaced stateless persons reported by the Royal Thai Government and registered with the national civil registration system as of December 2019. This figure includes 119 stateless persons of Rohingya ethnicity from Myanmar who are also counted as others of concern to UNHCR. UNHCR’s statistical reporting generally follows a methodology that reports only one status for each person of concern. However, due to the size of the stateless Rohingya population displaced from Myanmar, UNHCR considers it important to reflect the dual status of this population group as others of concern to UNHCR and stateless. This approach is being used for Thailand for the first time in 2019. | 2019 | - | Thailand | STA |
| 277 persons were naturalized or granted citizenship in 2023. Since December 2021 the data on number of staleless persons is provided by the Government. | 2023 | - | Kyrgyzstan | STA |
| The total statelessness figure includes 586,500 stateless persons reported by the Royal Thai Government and registered with the national civil registration system by the end of 2023. | 2023 | - | Thailand | STA |
| In Poland, the refugee population was rebased using the estimate of those likely to still be present on the territory of the State using the number of valid identity cards at year-end. This resulted in a reduction of some 10,200 refugees. | 2020 | - | Poland | REF |
| The refugee population in Jordan includes 34,350 Iraqis registered with UNHCR. The Government of Jordan estimated the number of Iraqis at 400,000 individuals at the end of March 2015. This includes refugees and other categories of Iraqis. | 2021 | Iraq | - | REF |
| By mid-2022, there were 234 Ukrainian nationals, 73 of whom were protected, a further 73 under temporary residence on humanitarian grounds and 161 with non-visa stay. | 2022 | - | Bosnia and Herzegovina | REF |
| The overall figures for Spain include cases granted refugee status (4%), subsidiary protection (1%) and cases that were granted authorization to stay based on humanitarian reasons (37%). | 2020 | - | Spain | REF |
| Start-year figures come from the 2009 census, reporting 3585 stateless persons. In 2023, UNHCR conducted an extensive identification exercise of stateless persons in Azerbaijan using both government and UNHCR registers. The exercise was able to account for 513 stateless person. The government of Azerbaijan confirmed that between 2008 and 2023, 2306 stateless persons aquired citizenship of Azerbaijan. | 2023 | - | Azerbaijan | STA |
| The 2022 statelessness figure refers to stateless persons with permanent residence in Uzbekistan officially reported by the Government of Uzbekistan to UNHCR as of 31 December 2022. Information on other categories of statelessness is unavailable. | 2022 | - | Uzbekistan | STA |
| The reported figure is a preliminary estimate of persons of undetermined nationality by UNHCR. The estimate is based on the UNHCR 2018 statelessness study which documents specific profiles of groups at risk of statelessness in South Sudan. | 2023 | - | South Sudan | STA |
| Only those asylum-seekers facing acute or imminent protection risks are registered by UNHCR. There are some 13,400 other asylum-seekers who were individually assessed, counselled and advised to inform UNHCR of any changes in their situation, which would justify a decision to register them. | 2022 | - | Saudi Arabia | ASY |
| The statelessness figure is based on a 2019 mapping study jointly conducted by the Government and UNHCR. On 30 June 2022, the cessation clause for Ivorian refugees recommended by UNHCR came into effect. | 2022 | - | Cote d'Ivoire | STA |
| Also, only those asylum-seekers facing acute or imminent protection risks are registered by UNHCR. In addition, there are some 3,900 other asylum-seekers who were individually assessed, counselled and advised to inform UNHCR of any changes in their situation, which would justify a decision to register them. | 2023 | - | Saudi Arabia | ASY |
| The overall figures for Spain include refugee status (6%), subsidiary protection (9%), temporary protection (50%) and humanitarian reasons (35%). Source: Spanish Ministry of Inclusion, Social Security and Migration. | 2022 | - | Spain | REF |
| The overall figures for Spain include cases granted refugee status (3%), subsidiary protection (3%) and cases that were granted authorization to stay based on humanitarian reasons (63%). | 2019 | - | Spain | REF |
| No data was available for stateless persons residing in the United States of America. | 2022 - 2024 | - | United States of America | STA |
| The updated figure is based on improved information concerning persons of Indonesian descent who have acquired nationality. | 2019 - 2021 | - | Philippines | STA |
| Figures are UNHCR estimates. | 2019, 2021, 2024 | - | Japan | ASY,REF,STA,OOC,RET,RDP,OIP |
| The estimated figure of persons of concern under the statelessness mandate relates to stateless persons of Rohingya ethnicity in Rakhine State, including stateless Rohingya IDPs in Myanmar. The number of persons of undetermined nationality residing in other states or regions in Myanmar is not currently available. The number of stateless persons remaining in Rakhine State following violence in 2016 and 2017 and large scale departures to Bangladesh is based on detailed estimates for each village tract made by UNHCR, other UN agencies and NGOs in early 2018, which concluded that between 532,000 to 600,000 Rohingya remained in Rakhine State, increasing to 632,800 due to additional displacement (including an estimated 155,500 of those Rohingya who have been internally displaced). | 2023 | - | Myanmar | STA |
| UNHCR’s global reporting standard for asylum statistics is for individual level data. To meet this standard, US Citizenship and Immigration Services (USCIS) shared the 2021 asylum data expressed in terms of individuals. Previously, USCIS provided data based on asylum “cases” and average family household size, which UNHCR used to estimate the total number of individual asylum applications before USCIS. The shift in 2021 to USCIS reporting of individuals (not cases) allows for more precise reporting, as well as more consistency across the U.S. asylum data, since the U.S. Executive Office for Immigration Review (EOIR) has already been reporting individual-level asylum statistics to UNHCR. UNHCR notes that the increase in the reported number of asylum applications filed with USCIS in 2021 primarily reflects this change in reporting modality. | 2021 | - | United States of America | ASY |
| The number of stateless people (233) reported for Iraq reflects the number of stateless persons identified through a survey completed by UNHCR and a partner among various communities affected by statelessness, which led to 1,000 interviews being conducted, through which 233 individuals were considered to be stateless. This figure only captures stateless individuals known to UNHCR, while there are likely to be more people in the country who are stateless. It does not include any estimate of the stateless refugee population or persons of undetermined nationality, populations that are also typically included in official UNHCR statelessness statistics. Based on other data sources it is understood that there are also persons of those profiles in Iraq, and the reported figures will be reviewed as more information becomes available. | 2024 | - | Iraq | STA |
| Refers to people in refugee-like situations. | 2022 | Ukraine | Canada | REF |
| The others of concern figure at end-2022 corresponds to the number of conflict-affected, non-displaced people assisted by UNHCR during the year. | 2022 | Ukraine | - | OOC |
| The figure for the Russian Federation includes 1.2 million Ukrainians who were granted refugee or temporary asylum status, as well as those recorded in the country in 2023 under other forms of stay. | 2023 | Ukraine | Russian Federation | REF |
| The number of refugee returns to Ukraine is estimated using latest IOM’s "Returns Report — General Population Survey" and "Internal Displacement Report — General Population Survey", Round 19 (May 2025). The estimated number of refugees who returned from abroad to their place of origin since the start of the war (1,066,000) was added to the estimated number of refugees who returned from abroad but not to their area of origin (355,000). This total was multiplied by the estimated proportion who returned in 2023 according to the GPS Return Report, excluding returnees for less than 3 months (which is the timeframe established in UNHCR’s Position Paper on Returns from Ukraine as indication of the intention of a stable return). This resulted in 28 per cent of total estimated returns from abroad (or 399,000 persons). The breakdown by former country of asylum is based on results from the latest UNHCR Intention Surveys with refugees returnees. Figures have been adjusted retroactively to reflect latest survey results. | 2023 | Ukraine | - | RET |
| With regards to stateless statistics, in November 2017, jointly with the Ministry of the Interior of Montenegro (MoI) and the Ministry of Labor and Social Welfare, UNHCR carried out a field verification of all ex-Yugoslav refugees with unresolved legal status and persons at risk of statelessness, known to UNHCR at that time. The field exercise covered 2,318 individuals (including 42% children) in 20 out of 23 municipalities of Montenegro. Based on the verification results, in 2018 UNHCR reported at least 605 persons at risk of statelessness (145 at risk of statelessness and 460 in a statelessness like situation). During 2024 their number decreased for 60 persons. However, new 67 persons at risk of statelessness were identified in the field, leading to the total number of 413 persons at risk of statelessness at the end of 2024. In 2018 Montenegro introduced formal statelessness determination procedure in its legal system. By the end of December 2024, through that procedure, 10 persons were living as officially recognized stateless persons in Montenegro . | 2024 | - | Montenegro | STA |
| With regards to stateless statistics, the figures include: (a) the number of stateless asylum seekers at end-year reported by the Danish authorities; (b) the number of stateless refugees at year-end with valid residence permit as of 1 January 2024 and increases (e.g. recognitions) or decreases (e.g. refugee status cessation) through the year as reported by Danish authorities; and (c) the number of non-displaced stateless persons (those with other non-protection related types of permits) based on data from Statistics Denmark corresponding to the resident population recorded as "Stateless" as of 1 January 2025, deducting the estimated number of stateless refugees at year-end. | 2024 | - | Denmark | STA |
| A previous estimate of persons of undetermined nationality was removed, as more comprehensive dissagregation of country of origin information of populations from the 2021 census became available. | 2023 | - | Slovakia | STA |
| Almost all people recorded as being stateless have permanent residence and enjoy more rights than foreseen in the 1954 Convention relating to the Status of Stateless Persons. | 2019 - 2024 | - | Estonia | STA |
| This figure presents an estimate of persons with undetermined nationality/at risk of statelessness, based on joint outreach mission conducted by the Government of Uganda and UNHCR in September/October 2021, that aimed to provide estimate numbers through self-identification of communities not recognized under the Third Schedule of the 1995 Constitution. | 2022 - 2023 | - | Uganda | STA |
| The total stateless population in Malaysia includes 9,040 non-displaced stateless persons who may be entitled to Malaysian nationality under the law. This number of non-displaced stateless persons is based on a registration and community legal assistance programme undertaken in West Malaysia by a local NGO with technical support from UNHCR. | 2020 - 2022 | - | Malaysia | STA |
| According to some reports many stateless persons have been naturalized since 2011, but no official figures are yet confirmed. | 2019 - 2023 | - | Syrian Arab Rep. | STA |
| With regards to stateless statistics, the figures include: (a) the number of stateless asylum seekers at end-year as reported by the Icelandic authorities; (b) the number of stateless refugees at year-end with valid residence permits on the basis of international protection as reported by Icelandic authorities; and (c) the number of non-displaced stateless persons (those with other non-protection related types of permits) based on data from Statistics Iceland corresponding to the resident population recorded as "Stateless" as of 1 January 2024 (no available data for end-2024 yet), deducting the reported number of stateless refugees at year-end. | 2024 | - | Iceland | STA |
| Data for refugees and stateless people is as of end-2020. Data for asylum-seekers is sourced from the monthly statistics published on the Government website: https://migracija.lrv.lt/lt/statistika/prieglobscio-skyriaus-statistika/statistika-1/2021-metai | 2021 | - | Lithuania | REF,ASY,STA,OOC,RET,RDP,OIP |
| The number of IDP returnees is estimated using the IOM DTM data Round 13. Almost 1.1 million Ukrainians are estimated to have returned in early 2023 and an additional 2.6 million are reported in 2022. | 2022 | Ukraine | - | RDP |
| The number of refugees is based on the data on refugees, as provided by the government. The overall figures for Spain include refugee status (7%), subsidiary protection (8%), temporary protection (50%) and humanitarian reasons (35%). Source: Spanish Ministry of Inclusion, Social Security and Migration. | 2023 | - | Spain | REF |
| With regards to refugee statistics, since 2024 the number of refugees in Sweden are based on data reported by authorities of persons with valid residence permits issued on the basis of international protection. The figures replace previous refugee stock estimations conducted by UNHCR. | 2024 | - | Sweden | REF |
| With regards to stateless statistics, the figure is an estimate based on previous NGO analysis of government data and may not represent the full magnitude of statelessness in Slovenia. | 2024 | - | Slovenia | STA |
| No official data on the actual number of refugees residing in Bulgaria is available. According to estimates, between 1,000 and 2,000 refugees and humanitarian status holders remain in the country. It is expected that the 2021 National Census, which will include for the first-time refugee and stateless populations, will provide more accurate data by end of 2022. | 2021 - 2022 | - | Bulgaria | REF |
| There is no official data on statelessness in Poland. The reported figure refers to the number of stateless persons holding a personal identification number issued by the Government, which does not cover all stateless people in the country. The figure additionally includes stateless asylum-seekers and refugees (incl. benificiaries of temporary protection) in Poland. | 2023 | - | Poland | STA |
| 33 The estimated figure of persons of concern under the statelessness mandate relates to stateless persons of Rohingya ethnicity in Rakhine State, including stateless Rohingya IDPs in Myanmar. The number of persons of undetermined nationality residing in other states or regions in Myanmar is not currently available. The number of stateless persons remaining in Rakhine State following violence in 2016 and 2017 and large scale departures to Bangladesh is based on detailed estimates for each village tract made by UNHCR, other UN agencies and NGOs in early 2018, which concluded that between 532,000 to 600,000 Rohingya remained in Rakhine State, increasing to 630,000 due to additional displacement in 2022 (including an estimated 156,600 of those Rohingya who have been internally displaced). | 2022 | - | Myanmar | STA |
| Source: Eurostat | 2019 | - | Luxembourg | ASY |
| New asylum applications were not received in 2021 while Refugee Reception Offices were closed due to the declaration of a national state of disaster (COVID-19 health pandemic). | 2021 | - | South Africa | ASY |
| From the Islamic Republic of Iran, almost a quarter of a million Afghans were estimated to have returned to their country in 2024. Refugee returns are expected to increase in 2025, following the announcement by the Government of the Islamic Republic of Iran in February 2025 that headcount slips will not be extended beyond 20 March 2025. See https://data.unhcr.org/en/documents/details/115667. | 2024 | - | Iran (Islamic Rep. of) | REF |
| This figure presents an estimate of persons with undetermined nationality/at risk of statelessness, based on a survey conducted by the Directorate General of Immigration and Emigration (DGIE) in 2010, which found approximately 9,500 persons to be at risk of statelessness. The 2023 population and housing census, led to the identification of areas where populations reside who are stateless or at the risk thereof. Efforts are underway to conduct targeted surveys that will provide an updated and reliable statistics. | 2023 | - | Rwanda | STA |
| With respect to persons under UNHCR’s statelessness mandate, this figure includes persons of concern covered by two separate Latvian laws. 160 persons fall under the Republic of Latvia’s Law on Stateless Persons on 17 February 2004. 187,404 of the persons fall under Latvia’s 25 April 1995 Law on the Status of those Former USSR Citizens who are not Citizens of Latvia or Any Other State (“Non-citizens”). In the specific context of Latvia, the “Non-citizens” enjoy the right to reside in Latvia ex lege and a set of rights and obligations generally beyond the rights prescribed by the 1954 Convention relating to the Status of Stateless Persons, including protection from removal, and as such the “Non-citizens” may currently be considered persons to whom the Convention does not apply in accordance with Article 1.2(ii). | 2022 | - | Latvia | STA |
| Based on the information reported in the media as well as UNHCR protection monitoring activities, UNHCR estimates there to be 65,500 people of various origins in Kazakhstan who may be in need of international protection. | 2024 | - | Kazakhstan | REF |
| The figure of 516,000 others of concern provided by the Government of Colombia is no longer reported as it reflects a historical caseload for which up-to-date information is not available. | 2024 | Colombia | Colombia | OOC |
| Asylum applications which are reported as cases can be multiplied overall by average number of person per case of 1.501 when summarising the data by country of asylum, but not origin. This is due to the significant variance in the average case size by country of origin. | 2019 | - | United States of America | ASY |
| The data are generally provided by governments, based on their own definitions and methods of data collection. | 2019 - 2022 | - | - | REF,ASY,STA,OOC,RET,RDP,OIP |
| With regards to stateless statistics, the figures include: (a) the number of stateless asylum seekers at end-year reported by the Finnish authorities; (b) the number of stateless refugees at year-end based on UNHCR's estimation of refugees in Finland (recognized asylum-seekers over that past 10-years); and (c) the number of non-displaced stateless persons (those with other non-protection related types of permits) based on data from Statistics Finland corresponding to the resident population recorded as "Stateless" as of 31 December 2023 (no available data for end-2024 yet), deducting the estimated number of stateless refugees. | 2024 | - | Finland | STA |
| With regards to stateless statistics, the figure is based on results from the 2021 Population Census. | 2024 | - | Malta | STA |
| The figure of 14,796 is based on data provided by the Namibian government's Director: National Population Register, Identification and Production in 2024. This comprises individuals who identified as stateless or individuals without proof of nationality in a government survey. A further assessment of this population is planned. | 2024 | - | Namibia | STA |
| Since February 2022, a number of Ukrainians have reached countries beyond Europe, where they are staying under various legal statuses. See UNHCR’s Ukraine Situation Operational Data Portal for up-to date statistics of refugees from Ukraine recorded in Europe and beyond. | 2024 | Ukraine | - | REF |
| The statelessness figure refers to stateless persons with permanent residence reported by the Government of Uzbekistan in December 2019 under the XII Report on compliance of Uzbekistan with CERD. Information on other categories of statelessness is unavailable. | 2019 | - | Uzbekistan | STA |
| The numbers reported in Ukraine are an extrapolation of the 2001 census figure of persons who self-declared as not having a nationality. It includes 5,700 persons who are registered as stateless by the Ministry of the Interior of Ukraine. | 2023 | - | Ukraine | STA |
| The total stateless population in Malaysia includes 9,040 non-displaced stateless persons who may be entitled to Malaysian nationality under the law. This number of non-displaced stateless persons is based on a registration and community legal assistance programme undertaken in West Malaysia by a local NGO with technical support from UNHCR, and, among those registered, 930 persons acquired Malaysian nationality in 2019. The total statelessness figure reported also includes 99,292 stateless persons of Rohingya ethnicity who are also counted as refugees or asylum-seekers from Myanmar, mainly from Rakhine State. UNHCR’s statistical reporting generally follows a methodology that reports only one legal status for each person of concern. However, due to the size of the stateless Rohingya population displaced from Myanmar, UNHCR considers it important to reflect the dual status of this population group as both displaced and stateless. This approach is being used for Malaysia for the first time in 2019. | 2019 | - | Malaysia | STA |
| The figure of Others of concern has been provided by the Government of Colombia. | 2019 - 2020 | - | Colombia | OOC |
| With regards to stateless statistics, the reduction in reported statelessness figures for 2024 relates to a review of the methodology and use of available up to date data sources. The actual scale of statelessness is, however, undetermined and likely higher owing to the ongoing war, temporary occupation and large-scale forced displacement. | 2024 | - | Ukraine | STA |
| Pending a more accurate study into statelessness in Iraq, the figure is an estimate based on various sources. | 2019 - 2022 | - | Iraq | STA |
| Refers to Palestinian refugees under the UNHCR mandate only. | 2020 - 2024 | Palestinian | - | REF,ASY,STA,OOC,RET,RDP,OIP |
| The figure includes persons determined to be stateless following the statelessness determination procedure and persons with undetermined nationality who hold expired Soviet passports. | 2023 | - | Rep. of Moldova | STA |
| With regards to refugee statistics, the number of refugees by end 2024 correspond to data on individuals holding active residence permits under refugee status or temporary protection as of December 2024, replacing previous refugee stock estimations conducted by UNHCR. | 2024 | - | Greece | REF |
| The figures for stateless individuals in Spain represent the 10,098 individuals recognized through the Spanish statelessness determination procedure, as well as 51 stateless refugees and 15 stateless asylum-seekers. Source: Permanent Observatory on Immigration, Spanish Ministry of Inclusion, Social Security and Migration. | 2024 | - | Spain | STA |
| Data is as of end-2019. | 2022 | - | Monaco | REF,ASY,STA,OOC,RET,RDP,OIP |
| With regards to refugee statistics, official statistics on the size of the refugee population are not available. UNHCR refugee population estimates are based on the cumulative number of recognized asylum-seekers over the past 10 years, plus the reported number of beneficiaries of Temporary Protection in the country by end-2024. | 2024 | - | Finland | REF |
| Stateless refugees from Myanmar of Rohingya ethnicity in Iran have been resettled in 2023. No estimates of the entire stateless population in the Islamic Rep. of Iran is available. | 2023 | - | Iran (Islamic Rep. of) | STA |
| The methodology for estimating the number of refugees in Australia is under review and subject to adjustment in future reports. | 2022 | - | Australia | REF |
| Brazil reported 95,800 people in a refugee-like situation, primarily Haitian nationals (87,400), who have been granted a humanitarian residency permit. | 2023 | - | Brazil | REF |
| The figure of IDP returns was released by the "Commissions de mouvements de population” and covers the period from April 2018 to September 2019. | 2019 | Dem. Rep. of the Congo | - | OOC |
| In the absence of official data, the figure reported refers to stateless persons and persons with undetermined nationality identified by UNHCR partner organizations in Turkmenistan. The increase in the reported figure is due to the identification of new persons in stateless situations. | 2021 | - | Turkmenistan | STA |
| The refugee population in Jordan includes 25,710 Iraqis registered with UNHCR. The Government of Jordan estimated the number of Iraqis at 400,000 individuals at the end of March 2015. This includes refugees and other categories of Iraqis. | 2024 | Iraq | Jordan | REF |
| From various sources such as civil status offices, health institutions, schools, municipal child protection units, and social services, UNHCR estimates the number of people with undetermined nationality (at risk of statelessness) in Albania. | 2024 | - | Albania | STA |
| According to the results of the 2020 All-Russia Census finalized at end 2022, some 91,173 persons declared themselves stateless of whom 2,988 persons obtained Russian citizenship in 2023. | 2023 | - | Russian Federation | STA |
| The number of refugees will be re-estimated based on the data received from from the government as of start 2022. | 2022 | - | Netherlands (Kingdom of the) | REF |
| UNHCR uses the number 90,000 to refer to the ‘most vulnerable refugees’ recognizing that assistance figures may need to be calculated differently. Based on an interagency study conducted in 2018, the Inter Sector Working Group, like the host Government, estimates that 173,600 people live in the camps. UN agencies use different points of reference for the population living in the camps. For the purposes of the SRRP, the higher 173,600 number will be used as a planning figure to ensure humanitarian assistance is comprehensive. See https://algeria.un.org/sites/default/files/2024-01/SRRP%20-%20English.pdf. | 2024 | Western Sahara | Algeria | REF |
| The number of other people in need of international protection is estimated from the Regional Refugee and Migrant Response Plan. | 2022 - 2024 | - | Chile | OIP |
| As of December 2024, 930,000 Sudanese were registered by UNHCR in Egypt as asylum-seekers.The Government of Egypt reported 1.5 million Sudanese people having arrived in the country since the onset of the crisis. See also the Sudan Situation on the Operational Data Portal. | 2024 | Sudan | Egypt | ASY |
| The number of refugees is based on the data on refugee and temporary protection status holders, as provided by the government. | 2023 | - | Netherlands (Kingdom of the) | REF |
| End-year stock refers to protected persons who are yet to acquire permanent resident status. | 2024 | - | Canada | REF |
| No estimations for the non-displaced stateless population for the country are available. | 2023 | - | Papua New Guinea | STA |
| As no government figures for the refugee population in the country is available, UNHCR estimates the number of refugees by assuming that it is the sum of all asylum-seekers recognized during the last ten years on a rolling basis. | 2024 | - | New Zealand | REF |
| The 2014 ministerial declaration that offered Prima Facie refugee status to persons fleeing generalised violence from Central African Republic from January 2013 onwards is no longer applicable. As such, all refugees are assessed on an individual basis by the National Commission for Refugees. | 2021 - 2024 | - | Dem. Rep. of the Congo | ASY,REF |
| With regards to stateless statistics, the UK’s stateless figures show the number of stateless individuals recognised through the UK's stateless determination procedure since it began in 2013. In previous years, this figure has been calculated by adding all grants of stateless leave. This resulted in unavoidable double counting for stateless individuals who were applying for further statelessness leave after the expiry of their initial grant of leave. The UK Government has now provided data for initial and subsequent grants. The subsequent grants have therefore been removed from the previous cumulative figure between 2013 - 2018. Since 2019, the cumulative figure now only includes initial grants of leave following individuals’ recognition as stateless. As of end-2024, the total number of individuals recognised under UK’s statelessness determination procedure is 389. UNHCR further provides the number of asylum-seekers and refugees whose nationality has been recorded as ‘stateless’ as part of the asylum process. For this group there has been no formal determination that they are stateless. | 2024 | - | United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland | STA |
| UNHCR is currently working with the authorities and other actors to determine the size of the population that found an effective nationality solution under Law 169-14. Since the adoption of Law 169-14 in May 2014, important steps have been taken by the Dominican Republic to confirm Dominican nationality through the validation of birth certificates of individuals born in the country to two migrant parents before 2007. According to information shared by the Dominican delegation during the 2019 High-Level Segment on Statelessness, approximately 48 per cent of the total Group A population of 61,049 persons had been authorized by the National Electoral Board (JCE) to request their nationality documentation. Additionally, as of December 2019, over 1,700 Group B persons (900 of which were children) had submitted applications for naturalization to the Ministry of Interior and of the Police (MIP). However, no naturalization decisions concerning this population had been issued by June 2021. Data on refugees and asylum-seekers is as of mid-2021. | 2021 | - | Dominican Rep. | STA |
| With respect to persons under UNHCR’s statelessness mandate, this figure includes persons of concern covered by two separate Latvian laws. 164 persons fall under the Republic of Latvia’s Law on Stateless Persons on 17 February 2004. 195,190 of the persons fall under Latvia’s 25 April 1995 Law on the Status of those Former USSR Citizens who are not Citizens of Latvia or Any Other State (“Non-citizens”). In the specific context of Latvia, the “Non-citizens” enjoy the right to reside in Latvia ex lege and a set of rights and obligations generally beyond the rights prescribed by the 1954 Convention relating to the Status of Stateless Persons, including protection from removal, and as such the “Non-citizens” may currently be considered persons to whom the Convention does not apply in accordance with Article 1.2(ii). | 2021 | - | Latvia | STA |
| The estimated figure of persons of concern under the statelessness mandate relates to stateless persons of Rohingya ethnicity in Rakhine State and also includes stateless IDPs in Myanmar. The number of persons of undetermined nationality residing in other states or regions in Myanmar is not currently available. The number of stateless persons remaining in Rakhine State following violence in 2016 and 2017 and large scale departures to Bangladesh is based on detailed estimates for each village tract made by UNHCR, other UN agencies and NGOs in early 2018, which concluded that between 532,000 to 600,000 Rohingya remained in Rakhine State (including an estimated 140,886 of those Rohingya who have been internally displaced). For the purposes of this report, the higher range of this estimate has been used. | 2019 - 2021 | - | Myanmar | STA |
| No official data on the actual number of refugees residing in Bulgaria is available. The estimate includes 68,300 Ukrainians who received temporary protection, and 29,400 other refugees. | 2023 | - | Bulgaria | REF |
| The figure is reported by the Government. | 2023 | - | Argentina | STA |
| Figure refers to a population of undetermined nationality. | 2023 | - | Costa Rica | STA |
| With regards to stateless statistics, the figure includes persons determined to be stateless following the statelessness determination procedure and persons with undetermined nationality who hold expired Soviet passports. | 2024 | - | Rep. of Moldova | STA |
| Based on reports from international organizations, UNHCR estimates that there are approximately 3,600 Afghan nationals residing in Turkmenistan who are likely in need of international protection | 2023 | - | Turkmenistan | REF |
| All figures are as of mid-2024 apart from statistics on resettlement arrivals and asylum-seekers. | 2024 | - | Australia | REF,ASY,STA,OOC,RET,RDP,OIP |
| With regards to refugee statistics, since 2024 the number of refugees is Norway are based on data reported by authorities of persons with valid residence permits for asylum as of 1 January 2024 and increases (e.g. recognitions) or decreases (e.g. refugee status cessation and naturalisations) through the year as reported by authorities. Figures for temporary protection holders in Norway are based on data by Eurostat. The figures replace previous refugee stock estimations conducted by UNHCR. | 2024 | - | Norway | REF |
| This figure does not include potentially stateless Bedouin or former USSR citizens who may be stateless. | 2023 | - | Israel | STA |
| Based on unofficial reference from authorities in Uzbekistan, the number of stateless persons with permanent residence has decreased below 20,000 by the end of 2024. The figures will be reviewed once official data for 2025 becomes available. Information on categories of statelessness, other than stateless persons with permanent residence is unavailable. | 2024 | - | Uzbekistan | STA |
| Only those asylum-seekers facing acute or imminent protection risks are registered by UNHCR. In addition, there are some 6,100 other asylum-seekers who were individually assessed, counselled and advised to inform UNHCR of any changes in their situation, which would justify a decision to register them. | 2020 | - | Saudi Arabia | ASY |
| The number of refugees in Australia has been revised using updated data on the number of residence permit holders with refugee status by the end of 2023, as received from the government. | 2023 | - | Australia | REF |
| In the South Caucasus region, 141,900 refugees fled to Armenia with most of them arriving after renewed armed conflict in Karabakh in September 2023. | 2023 - 2024 | - | Armenia | REF |
| Figure from the 2010 census. | 2023 | - | Cabo Verde | STA |
| The number of IDP returns in Ukraine is estimated using the IOM Ukraine "Internal Displacement Report - General Population Survey", Round 19 (results as of December). Based on the report, it is estimated that out of the total number of IDP returnees since the war started (3,096,000), 25% returned during 2024 (equivalent to 782,000 persons). | 2024 | - | Ukraine | RDP |
| Stateless persons reported by UNHCR correspond to recognized stateless persons who have been granted a residence permit in Belgium and who are therefore registered in the national register. It should be noted that recognized stateless persons who have not been granted a residence permit are not taken into account in figures provided by the Belgian Government. | 2023 - 2024 | - | Belgium | STA |
| This figure presents an estimate of persons with undetermined nationality/at risk of statelessness, based on a survey conducted by the Directorate General of Immigration and Emigration (DGIE) in 2010, which found approximately 9,500 persons to be at risk of statelessness. A mapping exercise by the National Statelessness Taskforce led to the identification of additional populations (approx. 5000 people) of undetermined nationality or at risk of statelessness. | 2024 | - | Rwanda | STA |
| The figure is based on an estimate of 18,500 in 2019 by UNHCR with input from stateless communities of whom 1,670 stateless persons of Shona descent were granted Kenyan citizenship in 2020. In 2022 approximately 7,000 individuals from the Pemba community had their nationality confirmed. | 2023 | - | Kenya | STA |
| As of 31 December 2023, 152,800 Sudanese were registered by UNHCR in Egypt as asylum-seekers. Of this number, 125,600 were new arrivals who had fled the recent conflict, with an additional 222,000 pending registration with UNHCR by year-end. The Government of Egypt reported 370,000 Sudanese people having arrived in the country since the onset of the crisis. See also the Sudan Situation on the Operational Data Portal. | 2023 | Sudan | Egypt | ASY |
| The number of asylum applications includes 38,278 asylum applications not yet formalized, i.e. individuals with an appointment to complete the application procedure, as well as 11,066 applicants whose cases have been processed but have yet to receive notification of the decision on their asylum applications. The latter relate primarily to cases received prior to 2020. Until end-2020 these were reported under others of concern and have since been re-classified as asylum applications since the 2021 mid-year statistical report. | 2021 | - | Costa Rica | ASY |
| Start-year figure comes from the 2022 census, with changes during the year reflecting updated reporting by the Ministry of the Interior. | 2023 | - | Croatia | STA |
| The statistics on asylum-seekers (new applications, re-opened/repeat applications and/or appeal application) and refugees individually recognized in Canada include persons who had their claim assessed before the Refugee Protection Division and the Refugee Appeal Division of the Immigration Refugee Board as well as by the Department of Immigration, Refugees and Citizenship Canada through a Pre-Removal Risk Assessment. | 2020 - 2022, 2024 | - | Canada | ASY |
| The statistics on asylum-seekers (new applications, re-opened/repeat applications and/or appeal application) in Canada include persons who had their claim assessed before the Refugee Protection Division and the Refugee Appeal Division of the Immigration Refugee Board as well as by the Department of Immigration, Refugees and Citizenship Canada through a Pre-Removal Risk Assessment. | 2023 | - | Canada | ASY |
| The figure is an estimate based on previous NGO analysis of government data and may not represent the full magnitude of statelessness in Slovenia. | 2023 | - | Slovenia | STA |
| The total statelessness figure reported relates to 17,730 stateless persons of Rohingya ethnicity who are also counted as refugees or asylum-seekers from Myanmar, mainly from Rakhine State. UNHCR’s statistical reporting generally follows a methodology that reports only one legal status for each person of concern. However, due to the size of the stateless Rohingya population displaced from Myanmar, UNHCR considers it important to reflect the dual status of this population group as both displaced and stateless. This approach is being used for India for the first time in 2019. | 2019 | - | India | STA |
| The Indo-Chinese population in China is no longer considered as refugees under UNHCR's mandate and has been removed from UNHCR's statistical reporting since June 2022, because they have full access to public services and enjoy the same rights as nationals. | 2022 | - | China | REF |
| In December 2024, 116 Rohingya that were rescued and disembarked. At an initial interview with UNHCR soon after disembarkation they stated that they departed to Sri Lanka to seek asylum. Given the intention and considering the situation of Rohingya in Myanmar, UNHCR has included them as asylum-seekers. UNHCR has not been able to conduct a formal registration process as UNHCR does not have access to them while they remain in detention. | 2024 | - | Sri Lanka | ASY |
| The statelessness figure refers to a census from 2011 and has been adjusted to reflect the number of persons with undetermined nationality who had their nationality confirmed in 2011- 2020. | 2020 | - | Albania | STA |
| In the absence of official data, the figure reported refers to stateless persons and persons with undetermined nationality identified by UNHCR partner organizations in Turkmenistan. The decrease in the reporting figure is due to naturalization in Turkmenistan and confirmation of nationality by a third country. | 2019 - 2020 | - | Turkmenistan | STA |
| Small values between zero and five have been rounded to multiples of five. Data on asylum applications and decisions has additionally been rounded for small values between five and 10. Demographic data has been additionally modified so that the data remains additive. | 2019 - 2022 | - | - | REF,ASY,STA,OOC,RET,RDP,OIP |
| The decrease in the stateless population in Sweden between 2022 and 2023 is due to de-duplication of figures reported in previous years. | 2023 | - | Sweden | STA |
| UNHCR is currently working with the authorities and other actors to determine the size of the population affected by ruling 168-13 that found an effective nationality solution. Since the adoption of Law 169-14 in May 2014, steps have been taken by the Dominican Republic to confirm Dominican nationality through the validation of birth certificates of individuals born in the country to two migrant parents before 2007. According to information shared by the Central Electoral Board (JCE) in 2022, out of the total Group A population of 61,206 persons, approximately 26,200 had obtained their Dominican nationality documentation. Additionally, as of December 2020, over 1,830 persons (800 of which were children) – out of the 7,159 approved individuals who had applied to the regularization plan established in Law 169-14 (Group B)- had submitted applications for naturalization to the Ministry of Interior and of the Police (MIP). Up until December 2023, two naturalization decrees had been issued granting Dominican nationality to 799 applicants, all of whom are still pending to receive nationality documentation. | 2023 | - | Dominican Rep. | STA |
| The decrease in the stateless population in Finland between 2022 and 2023 is due to de-duplication of figures reported in previous years. | 2023 | - | Finland | STA |
| The figure reported includes 854,704 stateless persons of Rohingya ethnicity who are also counted as refugees from Myanmar, mainly from Rakhine State. UNHCR’s statistical reporting generally follows a methodology that reports only one legal status for each person of concern. However, due to the size of the stateless Rohingya population displaced from Myanmar, UNHCR considers it important to reflect the dual status of this population group as both displaced and stateless. This approach has been used for Bangladesh since 2017. | 2019 | - | Bangladesh | REF,STA |
| The number of refugees was rebased using updated data on the number of residence permit holder with refugee status and temporary protection holders by the end of 2023, available from Eurostat. | 2024 | - | Italy | REF |
| The UK’s stateless figures show the number of stateless individuals recognised through the UK's stateless determination procedure since it began in 2013. In previous years, this figure has been calculated by adding all grants of stateless leave. This resulted in unavoidable double counting for stateless individuals who were applying for further statelessness leave after the expiry of their initial grant of leave. The UK Government has now provided data for initial and subsequent grants. The subsequent grants have therefore been removed from the previous cumulative figure between 2013 - 2018. Since 2019, the cumulative figure now only includes initial grants of leave following individuals’ recognition as stateless. At the end of 2022, the total number of individuals recognised under UK’s statelessness determination procedure is 319. UNHCR further provides the number of asylum-seekers and refugees whose nationality has been recorded as ‘stateless’ as part of the asylum process. For this group there has been no formal determination that they are stateless. | 2022 | - | United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland | STA |
| In October 2024, the Government of Turkmenistan announced the resolution of all known cases of statelessness in the country, following the naturalization of a final group of 1,146 stateless people in September 2024. In February 2025, the Government reported that, as of 31 December 2024, there were no remaining stateless people in Turkmenistan. Since 2017, UNHCR has relied on figures reported by its partner organizations, as official statistical data was not made available by the authorities. In 2023, UNHCR partners launched a verification exercise to cross-check their database on stateless persons and those with undetermined nationality. This process continued in 2024 and confirmed the Government’s report. As part of the exercise, individuals were contacted to verify their current legal status. The findings showed that many had been naturalized in recent years, some had confirmed foreign nationality, and others had passed away. This verification exercise, combined with the official information provided by the Government, confirms that there are now zero officially registered stateless people in Turkmenistan. | 2024 | - | Turkmenistan | STA |
| In 2022, Nicaraguans and Venezuelans (only October to December) started their applications by obtaining an appointment to formalize their asylum claim. The appointment process for Nicaraguans and Venezuelans ended in December 2022. | 2022 | - | Costa Rica | ASY |
| In Pakistan, the verification of the number of new arrivals from Afghanistan concluded in 2024. Due to the inactivation of substantive numbers of absentees, this resulted in an overall reduction of 190,200 Afghans reported in the country and an increase of 108,300 Afghans being registered as asylum-seekers. At the same time, 143,900 formerly unregistered family members of registered refugees, that were previously reported as people in a refugee-like situation, are now included as refugees, in line with the upcoming 2025-2027 multi-year strategy for Afghans. | 2024 | - | Pakistan | REF,ASY,STA,OOC,RET,RDP,OIP |
| All statistics reported by the United States of America apart from resettlement arrivals are as of mid-2024. Hence, the data of new applications and decisions only include the period between January and June 2024, and the number of pending applications is as of 30 June 2024. The full year statistics for each of these are likely to be higher. | 2024 | - | United States of America | REF,ASY,STA,OOC,RET,RDP,OIP |
| The United States of America has also offered temporary status in certain circumstances to people in need of international protection. For example, in 2022, a significant number of Ukrainians and their immediate family members were given temporary protection on a humanitarian basis in the United States. UNHCR is in discussions with the U.S. government about how to best reflect such datapoints for all relevant populations in future reporting cycles. | 2022 | - | United States of America | REF,ASY,STA,OOC,RET,RDP,OIP |
| The number of refugee returns to Ukraine is estimated using latest IOM’s "Returns Report — General Population Survey" and "Internal Displacement Report — General Population Survey", Round 19 (May 2025). The estimated number of refugees who returned from abroad to their place of origin since the start of the war (1,066,000) was added to the estimated number of refugees who returned from abroad but not to their area of origin (355,000). This total was multiplied by the estimated proportion who returned in 2022 according to the GPS Return Report, excluding returnees for less than 3 months (which is the timeframe established in UNHCR’s Position Paper on Returns from Ukraine as indication of the intention of a stable return). This resulted in 46 per cent of total estimated returns from abroad (or 660,000 persons). The breakdown by former country of asylum is based on results from the latest UNHCR Intention Surveys with refugees returnees. Figures have been adjusted retroactively to reflect latest survey results. | 2022 | Ukraine | - | RET |
| In situ figure based on the 2011 census. | 2023 | - | Czechia | STA |
| Refugee figure is a Government estimate. | 2019 | - | Türkiye | REF |
| The refugee population in Jordan includes 31,000 Iraqis registered with UNHCR. The Government of Jordan estimated the number of Iraqis at 400,000 individuals at the end of March 2015. This includes refugees and other categories of Iraqis. | 2022 | - | Jordan | REF |
| Naturalization figures refer to the admission of protected persons as permanent residents of Canada. End-year stock refers to protected persons who are yet to acquire permanent resident status. The statistics on refugees individually recognized in Canada include persons who had their claim assessed before the Refugee Protection Division and the Refugee Appeal Division of the Immigration Refugee Board as well as by the Department of Immigration, Refugees and Citizenship Canada through a Pre-Removal Risk Assessment. | 2023 | - | Canada | REF |
| The total statelessness figure reported relates to 582 stateless persons of Rohingya ethnicity who are also counted as refugees or asylum-seekers from Myanmar, mainly from Rakhine State. UNHCR’s statistical reporting generally follows a methodology that reports only one legal status for each person of concern. However, due to the size of the stateless Rohingya population displaced from Myanmar, UNHCR considers it important to reflect the dual status of this population group as both displaced and stateless. This approach is being used for Indonesia for the first time in 2019. There are also indications that a potentially sizable population of non-displaced stateless persons exists for whom no data is available. | 2019 | - | Indonesia | STA |
| Data for the number of refugees is as of mid-2022. | 2022 | - | Bolivia (Plurinational State of) | REF |
| Based on new arrivals information in the report of international organizations and UNHCR protection monitoring activities, UNHCR estimates there to be 27,540 people of various origins in Kyrgyzstan who may be in need of international protection. | 2023 | - | Kyrgyzstan | REF |
| The refugee population in Jordan includes 34,200 Iraqis registered with UNHCR. The Government of Jordan estimated the number of Iraqis at 400,000 individuals at the end of March 2015. This includes refugees and other categories of Iraqis. | 2021 | - | Jordan | REF |
| There are indications that a potentially sizable population of non-displaced stateless persons exists for whom no data is available. | 2020 - 2022, 2024 | - | Indonesia | STA |
| UNHCR is currently working with the authorities and other actors to determine the size of the population that found an effective nationality solution under Law 169-14. Since the adoption of Law 169-14 in May 2014, important steps have been taken by the Dominican Republic to confirm Dominican nationality through the validation of birth certificates of individuals born in the country to two migrant parents before 2007. According to information shared by the Dominican delegation during the 2019 High-Level Segment on Statelessness, approximately 48 per cent of the total Group A population of 61,049 persons had been authorized by the National Electoral Board (JCE) to request their nationality documentation. Additionally, as of December 2019, over 1,700 Group B persons (900 of which were children) had submitted applications for naturalization to the Ministry of Interior and of the Police (MIP). However, no naturalization decisions concerning this population have been issued to date. | 2019 | - | Dominican Rep. | REF,ASY,STA,OOC,RET,RDP,OIP |
